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Baker, L. H., Breast cancer detection demonstration project: Five year summary report (1982) Cancer, 32, pp. 194-22
Jackson, V. P., Hendrick, R. E., Feig, S. A., Kopans, D. B., Imaging of the radiographically dense breast (1993) Radiology, 188, pp. 297-301
Bird, R. E., Wallace, T. W., Yankaskas, B. C., Analysis of cancers missed at screening mammography (1992) Radiology, 184, pp. 613-617
Lee, V. W., Sax, E. J., McAneny, D. B., A complementary role for thallium-201 scintigraphy with mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer (1993) J Nucl Med, 34, pp. 2095-2100
Wackers, F. J. Th., Berman, D. S., Maddahi, J., Watson, D. D., Beller, G. A., Strauss, H. W., Boucher, C. A., McKusick, K., Tc-99m-hexakis 2-methoxy isobutylisonitrile: Human biodistribution, dosimetry, safety and preliminary comparison to thallium-201 for myocardial perfusion imaging (1989) J Nucl Med, 30, pp. 301-311
Hassan, I. M., Sahweil, A., Constantinides, C., Mahmoud, A., Nair, M., Omar, Y. T., Abdel-Dayem, H. M., Uptake and kinetics of Tc-99m hesakis 2-methoxy isobutylisonitrile in benign and malignant lesions of the lungs (1989) Clin Nucl Med, 14, pp. 333-340
Waxman, A. D., The role of 99mTc methoxyisobutylisonitrile in imaging breast cancer (1997) Semin Nucl Med, 27, pp. 40-54
Lu, G., Shih, W. J., Huang, H. Y., Long, M. Q., Sun, Q., Liu, Y. H., Chou, C., 99mTc-MIBI mammoscintigraphy of breast masses: Early and delayed imaging (1995) Nucl Med Commun, 16, pp. 150-156
Lam, W. W. M., Yang, W. T., Chan, Y. L., Stewart, I. E. T., Metreweli, C., King, W., Detection of axillary lymph node metastases in breast carcinoma by technetium-99m sestamibi breast scintigraphy, ultrasound and conventional mammography (1996) Eur J Nucl Med, 23, pp. 498-503
Stein, W. D., Kinetics of the multidrug transporter (P-glycoprotein) and its reversal (1997) Physiol Rev, 77, pp. 545-590
Ballinger, J. R., Bannerman, J., Boxen, I., Firby, P., Hartman, N. J., Moore, M. J., Technetium-99m-tetrofosmin as a substrate for P-glycoprotein: In vitro studies in multidrug-resistant breast tumor cells (1996) J Nucl Med, 37, pp. 1578-1582
Dynamic imaging: Scintimammography
Although mammography remains the technique of choice for the early detection of breast cancer, new emerging breast imaging techniques such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance and radionuclide scanning have been investigated and included in many diagnostic protocols. This overview discusses the current problems related to radionuclide breast imaging trying to define its role in the management of women with suspicious breast lesions at mammography. A number of tumor-imaging agents have been recently used for the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign lesions in radiographically dense breasts and breasts with architectural distortions from prior biopsy or surgery or following radiation therapy. 99mTc-MIBI is the most used tracer which has become the paradigm of this new class of compounds suitable for breast imaging. The current sensitivity and specificity rates for breast scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI depend on a number of factors including lesion size and site. Sensitivity and specificity rates and positive and negative predictive values of 92, 89, 81 and 96%, respectively, have been reported in a large series of patients with palpable breast lesions, which figures have been confirmed in many other series. On the contrary, lower sensitivity has been reported for nonpalpable breast abnormalities or for lesions smaller than 1 cm. This observation, confirmed by many authors, implies that a new nonpalpable lesion that is suspicious for malignancy at mammography needs a histologic diagnosis. We also report the results of our recent studies on functional imaging with 99mTc-MIBI of the multidrug resistance phenotype in breast cancer patients. These studies followed an observation that this tracer is a suitable transport substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) which is commonly associated with the development of a multidrug resistance phenotype. We examined 30 patients with histologically confirmed breast carcinoma who had received no previous chemotherapy or preoperative local irradiation. We found a positive and significant correlation between the efflux rates of 99mTc-MIBI determined by in vivo kinetic analysis and the P-gp levels measured in vitro by quantitative autoradiography in the same tumors (r = 0.62; p < 0.001). More recently, we tested whether tumor clearance of 99mTc-MIBI can predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Thirty-nine patients with stage III disease underwent 99mTc-MIBI scanning before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the time to half-clearance of the tracer was calculated. The patients then received epirubicin and underwent mastectomy after completing chemotherapy. This study showed that a rapid tumor clearance of 99mTc-MIBI (≤ 204 min) can predict the lack of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with drugs affected by multidrug resistance phenotype in advanced breast carcinoma patients. However, slower tracer clearance (≤ 204 min) did not guarantee an objective tumor response to chemotherapy in all patients, in agreement with the existence of several P-gp-independent mechanisms of drug resistance. We conclude that the preliminary study of this phenotype would allow to predict the response to (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and select the appropriate treatment regimen for each patient. Finally, radionuclide breast scanning may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign breast lesions as a guide to subsequent chemotherapy.
Antonini A, Vitale C, Barone P, Cilia R, Righini A, Bonuccelli U, Abbruzzese G, Ramat S, Petrone A, Quatrale R, Marconi R, Ceravolo R, Stefani A, Lopiano L, Zappia M, Capus L, Morgante L, Tamma F, Tinazzi M, Colosimo C, Guerra UP, Valzania F, Fagioli G, Distefano A, Bagnato A, Feggi L, Anna S, Maria Teresa Rosaria De Cr, Nobili F, Mazzuca N, Baldari S, Eleopra R, Bestetti A, Benti R, Varrone A, Volterrani D, Massa R, Stocchi F, Schillaci O, Dore F, Zibetti M, Castellano G, Battista SG, Giorgetti G * The relationship between cerebral vascular disease and parkinsonism: The VADO study(496 views) Parkinsonism Relat D (ISSN: 1353-8020, 1873-5126, 1873-5126electronic), 2012; 18(6): 775-780. Impact Factor:3.274 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote
Malvindi MA, Greco A, Conversano F, Figuerola A, Corti M, Bonora M, Lascialfari A, Doumari HA, Moscardini M, Cingolani R, Gigli G, Casciaro S, Pellegrino T, Ragusa A * MR Contrast Agents(292 views) Small Animal Imaging, 2011 Jul 8; 21(13): 2548-2555. Impact Factor:1.784 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote
Ntziachristos V, Cuénod CA, Fournier L, Balvay D, Pradel C, Siauve N, Clement O, Jouannot E, Lucidarme O, Vecchio SD, Salvatore M, Law B, Tung C-H, Jain RK, Fukumura D, Munn LL, Brown EB, Schellenberger E, Montet X, Weissleder R, Clerck ND, Postnov A * Tumor Imaging(350 views) Textbook Of In Vivo Imaging In Vertebrates (ISSN: 9780-4700), 2007 Jul 16; 1: 277-309. Impact Factor:1.148 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote
Cusanno F, Cisbani E, Colilli S, Fratoni R, Garibaldi F, Giuliani F, Gricia M, Lucentini M, Magliozzi ML, Santarivenere F, Torrioli S, Cinti MN, Pani R, Pellegrini R, Simonetti G, Schillaci O, Del Vecchio S, Salvatore M, Majewski S, De Vincentis G, Scopinaro F * Results of clinical trials with SPEM(278 views) Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect A, 2007 Feb 1; 497(1): 46-50. Impact Factor:3.221 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote
Hesse B, Tagil K, Cuocolo A, Anagnostopoulos C, Bardies M, Bax J, Bengel F, Busemann Sokole E, Davies G, Dondi M, Edenbrandt L, Franken P, Kjaer A, Knuuti J, Lassmann M, Ljungberg M, Marcassa C, Marie PY, Mckiddie F, O'connor M, Prvuolovich E, Underwood R * 3. 0 T perfusion MR imaging(694 views) Rivista Di Neuroradiologia (ISSN: 1120-9976), 2004; 17(6): 807-812. Impact Factor:0.023 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote