Cellular stress responses, hormetic phytochemicals and vitagenes in aging and longevity(5547 views) Calabrese V, Cornelius C, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Iavicoli I, Di Paola R, Koverech A, Cuzzocrea S, Rizzarelli E, Calabrese EJ
Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. calabres@unict.it
Biomedical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Interuniversity Consortium INBB, Catania, Italy
Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs, Sigma Tau SpA, Pomezia, 00040, Roma, Italy
Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino-Pulejo', Via Palermo C.Da Casazza, 98100 Messina, Italy
References: Not available.
Cellular stress responses, hormetic phytochemicals and vitagenes in aging and longevity
Modulation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms represents an innovative approach to therapeutic intervention in diseases causing chronic tissue damage, such as in neurodegeneration. This paper introduces the emerging role of exogenous molecules in hormetic-based neuroprotection and the mitochondrial redox signaling concept of hormesis and its applications to the field of neuroprotection and longevity. Maintenance of optimal long-term health conditions is accomplished by a complex network of longevity assurance processes that are controlled by vitagenes, a group of genes involved in preserving cellular homeostasis during stressful conditions. Vitagenes encode for heat shock proteins (Hsp) Hsp32, Hsp70, the thioredoxin and the sirtuin protein systems. Dietary antioxidants, such as polyphenols and L-carnitine/acetyl-L-carnitine, have recently been demonstrated to be neuroprotective through the activation of hormetic pathways, including vitagenes. Hormesis provides the central underpinning of neuroprotective responses, providing a framework for explaining the common quantitative features of their dose response relationships, their mechanistic foundations, their relationship to the concept of biological plasticity as well as providing a key insight for improving the accuracy of the therapeutic dose of pharmaceutical agents within the highly heterogeneous human population. This paper describes in mechanistic detail how hormetic dose responses are mediated for endogenous cellular defense pathways including sirtuin, Nrfs and related pathways that integrate adaptive stress responses in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Antioxidants and Antioxidant Treatment in Disease. Copyright A 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Cellular stress responses, hormetic phytochemicals and vitagenes in aging and longevity
Ciccarelli M, Sorriento D, Coscioni E, Iaccarino G, Santulli G * Adrenergic Receptors(338 views) Endocrinol Of The Heart In Health And Dis (ISSN: 9780-1280311249780128031117), 2016; N/D: 285-315. Impact Factor:0 ViewExport to BibTeXExport to EndNote