Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Humans, Peptides Chemical Synthesis Genetics Pharmacology, Protein Conformation, Iapp, Anticancer Peptides, Antimicrobial Peptides, Drug Delivery, Peptide Antigens, Retro-Inverso Peptides,
Affiliations: *** IBB - CNR ***
Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), 80134 Napoli, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), 34149 Trieste, Italy.
References: Not available.
Recent Applications of Retro-Inverso Peptides
Natural and de novo designed peptides are gaining an ever-growing interest as drugs against several diseases. Their use is however limited by the intrinsic low bioavailability and poor stability. To overcome these issues retro-inverso analogues have been investigated for decades as more stable surrogates of peptides composed of natural amino acids. Retro-inverso peptides possess reversed sequences and chirality compared to the parent molecules maintaining at the same time an identical array of side chains and in some cases similar structure. The inverted chirality renders them less prone to degradation by endogenous proteases conferring enhanced half-lives and an increased potential as new drugs. However, given their general incapability to adopt the 3D structure of the parent peptides their application should be careful evaluated and investigated case by case. Here, we review the application of retro-inverso peptides in anticancer therapies, in immunology, in neurodegenerative diseases, and as antimicrobials, analyzing pros and cons of this interesting subclass of molecules.
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