Sodium and diseases in the aged(260 views) Perrone-Filardi P, Cuocolo A, Brevetti G, Silvestro A, Storto G, Dellegrottaglie S, Corrado L, Cafiero M, Camerino R, Polimeno M, Zarrilli A, Caiazzo G, Maglione A, Petretta A, Chiariello M
Istituto di Clinica Medica II, Università degli Studi di Pisa.
Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, Federico II University, I.B.B. CNR, Naples, Italy
Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences, Federico II University, I.B.B. CNR, Naples, Italy
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Kuvin, J. T., Karas, R. H., Clinical utility of endothelial function testing: Ready for prime-time? (2003) Circulation, 107, pp. 3243-3247
Anderson, T. J., Uebata, A., Gerhard, M. D., Meredit, I. T., Knab, S., Delagrange, D., Lieberman, E. H., Yeung, A. C., Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulation (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol, 26, pp. 1235-1241
Kuvin, J. T., Patel, A. R., Sliney, K. A., Pandian, N. G., Rand, W. M., Udelson, J. E., Karas, R. H., Peripheral vascular endothelial function testing as a non-invasive indicator of coronary artery disease (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol, 38, pp. 1843-1849
Criqui, M. H., Langer, R. D., Fronek, A., Feigelson, H. S., Klauber, M. R., McCann, T. J., Browner, D., Mortality over a period of 10 year in patients with peripheral arterial disease (1992) N Engl J Med, 326, pp. 381-386
Corretti, M. C., Anderson, T. J., Benjamin, E. J., Celermajer, D., Charbonneau, F., Creager, M. A., Deanfield, J., Herrington, Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery: A report of the International Brachial Artery Task Force (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol, 39, pp. 257-265. , International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force D
Cerqueira, M. D., Weissman, N. J., Dilsizian, V., Jacobs, A. K., Kaul, S., Laskey, W. K., Pennell, D. J., Verani, Standardized myocardial segmentation and nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Cardiac Imaging Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the America Heart Association (2002) J Nucl Cardiol, 9, pp. 240-245. , American Heart Association Writing Group on Myocardial Segmentation and Registration for Cardiac Imaging M. S
Quyyumi, A. A., Endothelial function in health and disease: New insights into the genesis of cardiovascular disease (1998) Am J Med, 105, pp. 32-S39
Sodium and diseases in the aged
The authors describe serum sodium levels in elderly patients at hospitalization and evaluate the role attributable to drugs, diseases, nutrition and fluid balance. Among 167 patients (average age 75.29 +/- 7.14), 132 (79.04%) had normal sodium balance, 34 (20.36%) were hyponatremic and only 1 (0.60%) was hypernatremic. Patients who had serum sodium levels above 129 mEq/l were asymptomatic. In five cases hyponatremia was acute and severe (less than or equal to 127 mEq/l). Seven patients who had serum sodium levels less than 127 mEq/l presented psychiatric and neurological manifestations, which subsided completely after prompt correction of the electrolyte disorder. The authors suggest that the pathogenesis of hyponatremia in pathological states in the elderly is complex, although iatrogenic causes play a fundamental role.