Hyperpigmentation induced by topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid plus visible light (470 views)
J Photochem Photobiol B (ISSN: 1011-1344, 1011-1344print, 1011-1344linking), 2002 Nov; 68(2-3): 147-155.
Export to BibTeX Export to EndNote
Paper type: Journal Article,
Impact factor: 1.573, 5-year impact factor: 2.892
Url: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036866519&partnerID=40&md5=5344360a81e8162ed9babd7ac889871d
Keywords: 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid, Melanogenesis, Photodynamic Therapy, Visible Light, Aminolevulinic Acid, Photosensitizing Agent, Protoporphyrin, Adult, Article, Colorimetry, Concentration (parameters), Condyloma, Controlled Study, Cream, Drug Effect, Drug Formulation, Drug Penetration, Electron Microscopy, Erythema, Female, Fluorescence Analysis, Histopathology, Human, Human Experiment, Human Tissue, Hyperpigmentation, Immunohistochemistry, In Vivo Study, Irradiation, Melanocyte, Normal Human, Priority Journal, Protective Clothing, Psoriasis, Radiation Dose, Skin Cancer, Skin Discoloration, Skin Edema, Skin Penetration, Verruca Vulgaris, Chemically Induced Disorder, Middle Aged, Photochemotherapy, Radiation Exposure, Topical Drug Administration, Ultrastructure,
Affiliations:
*** IBB - CNR ***
Department of Dermatology, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Dept. of Biomorphol./Function. Sci., Section of Pathology, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
Department of Physic Science, Nat'l. Inst. of Fisica della Materia, Napoli, Italy
References:
Jones, C.M., Mang, T., Cooper, M., Wilson, B.D., Stoll, H.L., Photodynamic Therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease (1992) J. Am. Acad Dermatol., 27, pp. 979-98
Dougherty, T.J., Photoradiation therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies (1981) J. Invest. Dermatol., 77, pp. 122-124
McCaughan, J.S., Guy, J.T., Hicks, W., Laufmann, L., Nims, T.A., Walker, J., Photodynamic therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignant neoplasms (1989) Arch. Surg., 124, pp. 211-216
Buchanan, R.B., Carruth, J.A.S., Mckenzie, A.L., Rhys Williams, S., Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumours of the skin of head and neck (1989) Eur. J. Surg. Oncol., 15, pp. 400-406
Wolf, P., Rieger, E., Kerl, H., Topical photodynamic therapy with endogenous porphyrins after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (1993) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 28, pp. 17-21
Calzavara-Pinton, P.G., Repetitive photodynamic therapy with topical δ-aminolaevulinic acid as an appropriate approach to routine treatment of superficial non-melanoma, skin tumours (1995) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 29, pp. 53-57
Wolf, P., Fink-Puches, R., Cerroni, L., Kerl, H., Photodynamic therapy for mycosis fungoides after topical photosensitization with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (1994) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 31, pp. 678-680
Boehncke, W.H., Sterry, W., Kaufmann, R., Treatment of psoriasis by topical photodynamic therapy with polychromatic light (1994) Lancet, 343, p. 801
Monfrecola, G., D'Anna, F., Delfino, M., Topical haematoporphyrin plus UVA for treatment of alopecia areata (1987) Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed., 4, pp. 305-306
Stringer, M.R., Collins, P., Robinson, D.J., Stables, G.I., Sheehan-Dare, R.A., The accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX in plaque psoriasis after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid indicates a potential for superficial photodynamic therapy (1996) J. Invest. Dermatol., 107, pp. 76-81
Ross, E.V., Romero, R., Kollias, N., Crum, C., Anderson, R.R., Selectivity of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence for condylomata after topical application of 5 -aminolaevulinic acid: Implications for photodynamic treatment (1997) Br. J. Dermatol., 137, pp. 736-742
Monfrecola, G., Mangone, S., Procaccini, E.M., Santoianni, P., Topical administration of haematoporphyrin derivative and red light irradiation, A therapeutic approach in psoriasis (1988) G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol., 123, pp. 671-674
Kennedy, J.C., Pottier, R.H., Endogenous protoporphyrin IX, a clinically useful photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (1992) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 14, pp. 275-292
Loh, C.S., MacRobert, A.J., Bedwell, J., Regula, J., Krasner, N., Brown, S.G., Oral versus intravenous administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for photodynamic therapy (1993) Br. J. Cancer, 68, pp. 41-51
Colasanti, A., Colasanti, P., Fabbrocini, G., Liuzzi, R., Quarto, M., Colasanti, P., Roberti, G., Villani, F., Non-invasive spectroscopic analysis of dermatological lesions excited with N2 laser (1995) SPIE, pp. 77-89. , 2627
Gilchrest, B.A., Park, H.Y., Eller, M.S., Yaar, M., Mechanisms of ultraviolet light-induced pigmentation (1996) Photochem. Photobiol., 63, pp. 1-10
Park, H.Y., Perez, J.M., Laursen, R., Hara, M., Gilchrest, B.A., Protein kinase C-beta activates tyrosinase by phosphorylating serine residues in its cytoplasmic domain (1999) J. Biol. Chem., 274, pp. 16470-16478
Wolf, P., Photodynamische therapie (PDT) (1997) Hautarzt, 48, pp. 137-148
Pass, H.I., Photodynamic therapy in oncology: Mechanisms and clinical use (1993) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, pp. 443-456
Doughert, T.J., Marcus, S.L., Photodynamic therapy (1992) Eur. J. Cancer, 28 A, pp. 1734-1742
Specht, K.G., Rodgers, M.A.J., Depolarization of mouse myeloma cell membranes during photodynamic action (1990) Photochem. Photobiol., 51, pp. 319-324
Hames, B.D., Glover, D.M., (1996) Molecular Immunology, , (Eds.), IRL Press, Oxford
Agarwal, M.L., Larkin, H.E., Zaidi, S.I.A., Mukhtar, H., Oleinick, N.I., Phospholipase activation triggers apoptosis in photosensitized mouse lymphoma (1993) Cancer Res., 53, pp. 5897-5902
Rhee, S.G., Suh, P.G., Ryu, S.H., Lee, S.Y., Studies of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (1989) Science, 244, pp. 546-550
Boni, R., Heizmann, C.W., Doguoglu, A., Ilg, E.C., Schafer, B.W., Drummer, R., Ca2+-binding proteins S 100 A6 and S 100 B in primary cutaneous melanoma (1997) Cutan. Pathol., 24, pp. 76-80
Hagen, E.C., Vennegoor, C., Schlingemann, R.O., Van Der Velde, E.A., Ruiter, D.J., Correlation of histopathological characteristics with staining patterns in human melanoma assessed by (monoclonal) antibodies on paraffin sections (1986) Histopathology, 10, pp. 619-700
Bacchi, C.E., Bonetti, F., Pea, M., Martiglioni, G., Gown, A.M., HMB-45. A review (1996) Appl. Immunohistochem., 4, pp. 73-85
Jones, C. M., Mang, T., Cooper, M., Wilson, B. D., Stoll, H. L., Photodynamic Therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease (1992) J. Am. Acad Dermatol., 27, pp. 979-98
Dougherty, T. J., Photoradiation therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies (1981) J. Invest. Dermatol., 77, pp. 122-124
McCaughan, J. S., Guy, J. T., Hicks, W., Laufmann, L., Nims, T. A., Walker, J., Photodynamic therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignant neoplasms (1989) Arch. Surg., 124, pp. 211-216
Buchanan, R. B., Carruth, J. A. S., Mckenzie, A. L., Rhys Williams, S., Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumours of the skin of head and neck (1989) Eur. J. Surg. Oncol., 15, pp. 400-406
Boehncke, W. H., Sterry, W., Kaufmann, R., Treatment of psoriasis by topical photodynamic therapy with polychromatic light (1994) Lancet, 343, p. 801
Stringer, M. R., Collins, P., Robinson, D. J., Stables, G. I., Sheehan-Dare, R. A., The accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX in plaque psoriasis after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid indicates a potential for superficial photodynamic therapy (1996) J. Invest. Dermatol., 107, pp. 76-81
Ross, E. V., Romero, R., Kollias, N., Crum, C., Anderson, R. R., Selectivity of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence for condylomata after topical application of 5 -aminolaevulinic acid: Implications for photodynamic treatment (1997) Br. J. Dermatol., 137, pp. 736-742
Kennedy, J. C., Pottier, R. H., Endogenous protoporphyrin IX, a clinically useful photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (1992) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 14, pp. 275-292
Loh, C. S., MacRobert, A. J., Bedwell, J., Regula, J., Krasner, N., Brown, S. G., Oral versus intravenous administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for photodynamic therapy (1993) Br. J. Cancer, 68, pp. 41-51
Gilchrest, B. A., Park, H. Y., Eller, M. S., Yaar, M., Mechanisms of ultraviolet light-induced pigmentation (1996) Photochem. Photobiol., 63, pp. 1-10
Park, H. Y., Perez, J. M., Laursen, R., Hara, M., Gilchrest, B. A., Protein kinase C-beta activates tyrosinase by phosphorylating serine residues in its cytoplasmic domain (1999) J. Biol. Chem., 274, pp. 16470-16478
Pass, H. I., Photodynamic therapy in oncology: Mechanisms and clinical use (1993) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, pp. 443-456
Doughert, T. J., Marcus, S. L., Photodynamic therapy (1992) Eur. J. Cancer, 28 A, pp. 1734-1742
Specht, K. G., Rodgers, M. A. J., Depolarization of mouse myeloma cell membranes during photodynamic action (1990) Photochem. Photobiol., 51, pp. 319-324
Hames, B. D., Glover, D. M., (1996) Molecular Immunology, , (Eds.), IRL Press, Oxford
Agarwal, M. L., Larkin, H. E., Zaidi, S. I. A., Mukhtar, H., Oleinick, N. I., Phospholipase activation triggers apoptosis in photosensitized mouse lymphoma (1993) Cancer Res., 53, pp. 5897-5902
Rhee, S. G., Suh, P. G., Ryu, S. H., Lee, S. Y., Studies of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (1989) Science, 244, pp. 546-550
Hagen, E. C., Vennegoor, C., Schlingemann, R. O., Van Der Velde, E. A., Ruiter, D. J., Correlation of histopathological characteristics with staining patterns in human melanoma assessed by (monoclonal) antibodies on paraffin sections (1986) Histopathology, 10, pp. 619-700
Bacchi, C. E., Bonetti, F., Pea, M., Martiglioni, G., Gown, A. M., HMB-45. A review (1996) Appl. Immunohistochem., 4, pp. 73-85
J Photochem Photobiol B (ISSN: 1011-1344, 1011-1344print, 1011-1344linking), 2002 Nov; 68(2-3): 147-155.
Export to BibTeX Export to EndNote
Paper type: Journal Article,
Impact factor: 1.573, 5-year impact factor: 2.892
Url: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036866519&partnerID=40&md5=5344360a81e8162ed9babd7ac889871d
Keywords: 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid, Melanogenesis, Photodynamic Therapy, Visible Light, Aminolevulinic Acid, Photosensitizing Agent, Protoporphyrin, Adult, Article, Colorimetry, Concentration (parameters), Condyloma, Controlled Study, Cream, Drug Effect, Drug Formulation, Drug Penetration, Electron Microscopy, Erythema, Female, Fluorescence Analysis, Histopathology, Human, Human Experiment, Human Tissue, Hyperpigmentation, Immunohistochemistry, In Vivo Study, Irradiation, Melanocyte, Normal Human, Priority Journal, Protective Clothing, Psoriasis, Radiation Dose, Skin Cancer, Skin Discoloration, Skin Edema, Skin Penetration, Verruca Vulgaris, Chemically Induced Disorder, Middle Aged, Photochemotherapy, Radiation Exposure, Topical Drug Administration, Ultrastructure,
Affiliations:
*** IBB - CNR ***
Department of Dermatology, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Dept. of Biomorphol./Function. Sci., Section of Pathology, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
Department of Physic Science, Nat'l. Inst. of Fisica della Materia, Napoli, Italy
References:
Jones, C.M., Mang, T., Cooper, M., Wilson, B.D., Stoll, H.L., Photodynamic Therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease (1992) J. Am. Acad Dermatol., 27, pp. 979-98
Dougherty, T.J., Photoradiation therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies (1981) J. Invest. Dermatol., 77, pp. 122-124
McCaughan, J.S., Guy, J.T., Hicks, W., Laufmann, L., Nims, T.A., Walker, J., Photodynamic therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignant neoplasms (1989) Arch. Surg., 124, pp. 211-216
Buchanan, R.B., Carruth, J.A.S., Mckenzie, A.L., Rhys Williams, S., Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumours of the skin of head and neck (1989) Eur. J. Surg. Oncol., 15, pp. 400-406
Wolf, P., Rieger, E., Kerl, H., Topical photodynamic therapy with endogenous porphyrins after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (1993) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 28, pp. 17-21
Calzavara-Pinton, P.G., Repetitive photodynamic therapy with topical δ-aminolaevulinic acid as an appropriate approach to routine treatment of superficial non-melanoma, skin tumours (1995) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 29, pp. 53-57
Wolf, P., Fink-Puches, R., Cerroni, L., Kerl, H., Photodynamic therapy for mycosis fungoides after topical photosensitization with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (1994) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 31, pp. 678-680
Boehncke, W.H., Sterry, W., Kaufmann, R., Treatment of psoriasis by topical photodynamic therapy with polychromatic light (1994) Lancet, 343, p. 801
Monfrecola, G., D'Anna, F., Delfino, M., Topical haematoporphyrin plus UVA for treatment of alopecia areata (1987) Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed., 4, pp. 305-306
Stringer, M.R., Collins, P., Robinson, D.J., Stables, G.I., Sheehan-Dare, R.A., The accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX in plaque psoriasis after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid indicates a potential for superficial photodynamic therapy (1996) J. Invest. Dermatol., 107, pp. 76-81
Ross, E.V., Romero, R., Kollias, N., Crum, C., Anderson, R.R., Selectivity of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence for condylomata after topical application of 5 -aminolaevulinic acid: Implications for photodynamic treatment (1997) Br. J. Dermatol., 137, pp. 736-742
Monfrecola, G., Mangone, S., Procaccini, E.M., Santoianni, P., Topical administration of haematoporphyrin derivative and red light irradiation, A therapeutic approach in psoriasis (1988) G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol., 123, pp. 671-674
Kennedy, J.C., Pottier, R.H., Endogenous protoporphyrin IX, a clinically useful photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (1992) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 14, pp. 275-292
Loh, C.S., MacRobert, A.J., Bedwell, J., Regula, J., Krasner, N., Brown, S.G., Oral versus intravenous administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for photodynamic therapy (1993) Br. J. Cancer, 68, pp. 41-51
Colasanti, A., Colasanti, P., Fabbrocini, G., Liuzzi, R., Quarto, M., Colasanti, P., Roberti, G., Villani, F., Non-invasive spectroscopic analysis of dermatological lesions excited with N2 laser (1995) SPIE, pp. 77-89. , 2627
Gilchrest, B.A., Park, H.Y., Eller, M.S., Yaar, M., Mechanisms of ultraviolet light-induced pigmentation (1996) Photochem. Photobiol., 63, pp. 1-10
Park, H.Y., Perez, J.M., Laursen, R., Hara, M., Gilchrest, B.A., Protein kinase C-beta activates tyrosinase by phosphorylating serine residues in its cytoplasmic domain (1999) J. Biol. Chem., 274, pp. 16470-16478
Wolf, P., Photodynamische therapie (PDT) (1997) Hautarzt, 48, pp. 137-148
Pass, H.I., Photodynamic therapy in oncology: Mechanisms and clinical use (1993) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, pp. 443-456
Doughert, T.J., Marcus, S.L., Photodynamic therapy (1992) Eur. J. Cancer, 28 A, pp. 1734-1742
Specht, K.G., Rodgers, M.A.J., Depolarization of mouse myeloma cell membranes during photodynamic action (1990) Photochem. Photobiol., 51, pp. 319-324
Hames, B.D., Glover, D.M., (1996) Molecular Immunology, , (Eds.), IRL Press, Oxford
Agarwal, M.L., Larkin, H.E., Zaidi, S.I.A., Mukhtar, H., Oleinick, N.I., Phospholipase activation triggers apoptosis in photosensitized mouse lymphoma (1993) Cancer Res., 53, pp. 5897-5902
Rhee, S.G., Suh, P.G., Ryu, S.H., Lee, S.Y., Studies of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (1989) Science, 244, pp. 546-550
Boni, R., Heizmann, C.W., Doguoglu, A., Ilg, E.C., Schafer, B.W., Drummer, R., Ca2+-binding proteins S 100 A6 and S 100 B in primary cutaneous melanoma (1997) Cutan. Pathol., 24, pp. 76-80
Hagen, E.C., Vennegoor, C., Schlingemann, R.O., Van Der Velde, E.A., Ruiter, D.J., Correlation of histopathological characteristics with staining patterns in human melanoma assessed by (monoclonal) antibodies on paraffin sections (1986) Histopathology, 10, pp. 619-700
Bacchi, C.E., Bonetti, F., Pea, M., Martiglioni, G., Gown, A.M., HMB-45. A review (1996) Appl. Immunohistochem., 4, pp. 73-85
Jones, C. M., Mang, T., Cooper, M., Wilson, B. D., Stoll, H. L., Photodynamic Therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease (1992) J. Am. Acad Dermatol., 27, pp. 979-98
Dougherty, T. J., Photoradiation therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies (1981) J. Invest. Dermatol., 77, pp. 122-124
McCaughan, J. S., Guy, J. T., Hicks, W., Laufmann, L., Nims, T. A., Walker, J., Photodynamic therapy for cutaneous and subcutaneous malignant neoplasms (1989) Arch. Surg., 124, pp. 211-216
Buchanan, R. B., Carruth, J. A. S., Mckenzie, A. L., Rhys Williams, S., Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumours of the skin of head and neck (1989) Eur. J. Surg. Oncol., 15, pp. 400-406
Boehncke, W. H., Sterry, W., Kaufmann, R., Treatment of psoriasis by topical photodynamic therapy with polychromatic light (1994) Lancet, 343, p. 801
Stringer, M. R., Collins, P., Robinson, D. J., Stables, G. I., Sheehan-Dare, R. A., The accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX in plaque psoriasis after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid indicates a potential for superficial photodynamic therapy (1996) J. Invest. Dermatol., 107, pp. 76-81
Ross, E. V., Romero, R., Kollias, N., Crum, C., Anderson, R. R., Selectivity of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence for condylomata after topical application of 5 -aminolaevulinic acid: Implications for photodynamic treatment (1997) Br. J. Dermatol., 137, pp. 736-742
Kennedy, J. C., Pottier, R. H., Endogenous protoporphyrin IX, a clinically useful photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (1992) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 14, pp. 275-292
Loh, C. S., MacRobert, A. J., Bedwell, J., Regula, J., Krasner, N., Brown, S. G., Oral versus intravenous administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for photodynamic therapy (1993) Br. J. Cancer, 68, pp. 41-51
Gilchrest, B. A., Park, H. Y., Eller, M. S., Yaar, M., Mechanisms of ultraviolet light-induced pigmentation (1996) Photochem. Photobiol., 63, pp. 1-10
Park, H. Y., Perez, J. M., Laursen, R., Hara, M., Gilchrest, B. A., Protein kinase C-beta activates tyrosinase by phosphorylating serine residues in its cytoplasmic domain (1999) J. Biol. Chem., 274, pp. 16470-16478
Pass, H. I., Photodynamic therapy in oncology: Mechanisms and clinical use (1993) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, pp. 443-456
Doughert, T. J., Marcus, S. L., Photodynamic therapy (1992) Eur. J. Cancer, 28 A, pp. 1734-1742
Specht, K. G., Rodgers, M. A. J., Depolarization of mouse myeloma cell membranes during photodynamic action (1990) Photochem. Photobiol., 51, pp. 319-324
Hames, B. D., Glover, D. M., (1996) Molecular Immunology, , (Eds.), IRL Press, Oxford
Agarwal, M. L., Larkin, H. E., Zaidi, S. I. A., Mukhtar, H., Oleinick, N. I., Phospholipase activation triggers apoptosis in photosensitized mouse lymphoma (1993) Cancer Res., 53, pp. 5897-5902
Rhee, S. G., Suh, P. G., Ryu, S. H., Lee, S. Y., Studies of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C (1989) Science, 244, pp. 546-550
Hagen, E. C., Vennegoor, C., Schlingemann, R. O., Van Der Velde, E. A., Ruiter, D. J., Correlation of histopathological characteristics with staining patterns in human melanoma assessed by (monoclonal) antibodies on paraffin sections (1986) Histopathology, 10, pp. 619-700
Bacchi, C. E., Bonetti, F., Pea, M., Martiglioni, G., Gown, A. M., HMB-45. A review (1996) Appl. Immunohistochem., 4, pp. 73-85
Hyperpigmentation induced by topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid plus visible light
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is an alternative tool for the treatment of superficial non-melanoma skin cancers. Recently ALA-PDT has been employed with encouraging results also for warts, condylomata and psoriasis. In this study the effects of topical ALA plus irradiation with visible light on intact human skin have been evaluated. Five skin areas (A, B, C, D, and E) on the inner upper part of the arms of five healthy volunteers (skin types III and IV) were treated with (A) ALA 20% in base cream without irradiation, (B) only the vehicle (base cream) without ALA, (C, D and E) ALA cream at the concentrations of 5, 10 and 20%, respectively; all treatments were applied with an occlusive dressing. Four hours after ALA or vehicle application areas B, C, D and E were irradiated with a fixed dose of 40 J/cm2. ALA penetration through the intact skin was evaluated by in vivo fluorescence determination. The effects on healthy skin were evaluated by clinical and chromometric examinations, light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results: (1) in vivo fluorescence demonstrated that ALA is able to penetrate through the intact skin, when applied with occlusive dressing and induces a classical fluorescence peak due to Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) formation, which is the active photosensitiser. (2) Skin areas receiving ALA plus irradiation showed erythema and swelling just after the irradiative session and hyperpigmentation 48-72 h later. (3) Colourimetric data confirmed significant skin colour changes: values a* (representing the erythematous changes) increased only on the skin areas where ALA+irradiation were applied and during the 48 h after irradiation, thereafter a* began to decrease; values L* (pigmentation) increased during the 2 weeks following treatment. (4) Histopathological, immunohistochemical (S100, HMB-45) and electron microscopic findings showed an absolute increment of the number of melanocytes, which appeared clearly activated. In conclusion the application of ALA cream followed by irradiation is able to induce a pigmentation response in healthy human skin, at least in skin types III and IV. This melanocytic activation could have a potential for the treatment of skin disorders characterised by hypopigmentation. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is an alternative tool for the treatment of superficial non-melanoma skin cancers. Recently ALA-PDT has been employed with encouraging results also for warts, condylomata and psoriasis. In this study the effects of topical ALA plus irradiation with visible light on intact human skin have been evaluated. Five skin areas (A, B, C, D, and E) on the inner upper part of the arms of five healthy volunteers (skin types III and IV) were treated with (A) ALA 20% in base cream without irradiation, (B) only the vehicle (base cream) without ALA, (C, D and E) ALA cream at the concentrations of 5, 10 and 20%, respectively; all treatments were applied with an occlusive dressing. Four hours after ALA or vehicle application areas B, C, D and E were irradiated with a fixed dose of 40 J/cm2. ALA penetration through the intact skin was evaluated by in vivo fluorescence determination. The effects on healthy skin were evaluated by clinical and chromometric examinations, light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results: (1) in vivo fluorescence demonstrated that ALA is able to penetrate through the intact skin, when applied with occlusive dressing and induces a classical fluorescence peak due to Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) formation, which is the active photosensitiser. (2) Skin areas receiving ALA plus irradiation showed erythema and swelling just after the irradiative session and hyperpigmentation 48-72 h later. (3) Colourimetric data confirmed significant skin colour changes: values a* (representing the erythematous changes) increased only on the skin areas where ALA+irradiation were applied and during the 48 h after irradiation, thereafter a* began to decrease; values L* (pigmentation) increased during the 2 weeks following treatment. (4) Histopathological, immunohistochemical (S100, HMB-45) and electron microscopic findings showed an absolute increment of the number of melanocytes, which appeared clearly activated. In conclusion the application of ALA cream followed by irradiation is able to induce a pigmentation response in healthy human skin, at least in skin types III and IV. This melanocytic activation could have a potential for the treatment of skin disorders characterised by hypopigmentation. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Hyperpigmentation induced by topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid plus visible light
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Hyperpigmentation induced by topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid plus visible light
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FOLEY S, JONES G, LAND E J, LIUZZI R, MCGARVEY D, PERRY M, USCOTT T G
The Syntesis and Photophisycal Properties of Polyether Substituited Phthalocyanines of Potential Use in Photodynamic Therapy (234 views)
Journal Of The Chemical Society Perkin Transactions I (ISSN: 0300-922x), 1997; 2(9): N1725-N1725.
Impact Factor: 1.918
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3 Records (3 excluding Abstracts).
Total impact factor: 10.586 (10.586 excluding Abstracts).
Total 5 year impact factor: 2.212 (2.212 excluding Abstracts).
Total impact factor: 10.586 (10.586 excluding Abstracts).
Total 5 year impact factor: 2.212 (2.212 excluding Abstracts).
470 views. Last view on Saturday 22 April 2023, 20:29:03
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